The Sword that was Broken
At the inn of The Prancing Pony we are introduced to a mysterious ranger called ‘Strider’ and to his almost equally mysterious sword:
Source: J.R.R. Tolkien, ‘Strider’, The Fellowship of the Ring, volume 1 of The Lord of the Rings.All that is gold does not glitter,
Not all those who wander are lost;
The old that is strong does not wither,
Deep roots are not reached by the frost.
From the ashes a fire shall be woken,
A light from the shadows shall spring;
Renewed shall be blade that was broken,
The crownless again shall be king.
‘…But I am Aragorn, and those verses go with that name.’ He drew out his sword, and they saw that the blade was indeed broken a foot below the hilt. ‘Not much use is it, Sam?’ said Strider. ‘But the time is near when it shall be forged anew.’
The Breaking of the Sword
The Silmarillion, published four years after Tolkien’s death and more than twenty years after The Lord of the Rings first appeared, tells us more of this mysterious sword:
Source: J.R.R. Tolkien (author), Christopher Tolkien (editor), ‘Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age’, The Silmarillion.…the sword of Elendil filled Orcs and Men with fear, for it shone with the light of the sun and of the moon, and it was named Narsil.
…But at the last the siege was so strait that Sauron himself came forth; and he wrestled with Gil-galad and Elendil, and they both were slain, and the sword of Elendil broke under him as he fell. But Sauron was also thrown down, and with the hilt shard of Narsil Isildur cut the Ruling Ring from the hand of Sauron and took it for his own.
The Sword is Nearly Lost
Source: Ibid.[Isildur] marched north from Gondor by the way that Elendil had come; and he forsook the South Kingdom, for he purposed to take up his father’s realm in Eriador, far from the shadow of the Black Land.
But Isildur was overwhelmed by a host of Orcs that lay in wait in the Misty Mountains; and they descended upon him at unawares…Then the Orcs saw him as he laboured in the stream, and they shot him with many arrows, and that was his end. Only three of his people came ever back over the mountains after long wandering; and of these one was Ohtar his esquire, to whose keeping he had given the shards of the sword of Elendil.
Thus Narsil came in due time to the hand of Valandil, Isildur’s heir, in Imladris; but the blade was broken and its light extinguished, and it was not forged anew. And Master Elrond foretold that this would not be done until the Ruling Ring should be found again and Sauron should return; but the hope of Elves and Men was that these things might never come to pass.
Unfinished Tales was published in 1980. This book contains background material of events depicted in The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, as well as provides more detailed versions of some of the legends that appear in The Silmarillion, including ‘The Disaster of the Gladden Fields’ where Isildur lost the Ruling Ring:
Source: J.R.R. Tolkien, ‘The Disaster of the Gladden Fields’ , Unfinished Tales.The Orcs were drawing near. Isildur turned to his esquire: “Ohtar,” he said, “I give this now into your keeping;” and he delivered to him the great sheath and the shards of Narsil, Elendil’s sword. “Save it from capture by all means that you can find, and at all costs; even at the cost of being held a coward who deserted me. Take your companion with you and flee! Go! I command you!” Then Ohtar knelt and kissed his hand, and the two young men fled down into the dark valley.
The shards of Narsil on display in Elrond’s Library in The Last Homely House in Rivendell
The Sword is Reforged
Source: J.R.R. Tolkien, ‘The Rings Goes South’, The Fellowship of the Ring, volume 1 of The Lord of the Rings.The Sword of Elendil was forged anew by Elvish smiths, and on its blade was traced a device of seven stars set between the crescent Moon and the rayed Sun, and about them was written many runes; for Aragorn son of Arathorn was going to war upon the marches of Mordor. Very bright was that sword when it was made whole again; the light of the sun shone redly in it, and the light of the moon shone cold, and its edge was hard and keen. And Aragorn gave it a new name and called it Andúril, Flame of the West.
Aragorn holds aloft the sword reforged
Aragorn Unwillingly Lays Andúril Aside Before Entering Meduseld—and Reveals its Maker
Source: J.R.R. Tolkien, ‘The King of the Golden Hall’, The Two Towers, volume 2 of The Lord of the Rings.Slowly Aragorn unbuckled his belt and himself set his sword upright against the wall. ‘Here I set it,’ he said; ‘but I command you not to touch it nor to permit any other to lay hand on it. In this elvish sheath dwells the Blade that was Broken and has been made again. Telchar first wrought it in the deeps of time. Death shall come to any man that draws Elendil’s sword save Elendil’s heir.
Additional Information
Tolkien does not provide the history of the sword from its forging in the First Age by the Dwarf-smith Telchar to its possession by Elendil at the end of the Second Age, but hypothetically it could have been created for Thingol's armouries--
Source: J.R.R. Tolkien (author), Christopher Tolkien (editor), ‘Of the Sindar’, The Silmarillion.Therefore Thingol took thought for arms, which before his people had not needed, and these at first the Naugrim smithied for him; for they were greatly skilled in such work, though none among them surpassed the craftsmen of Nogrod, of whom Telchar the smith was greatest in renown.
--and eventually been passed to Elendil or his father, Amandil, through a succession of Elves, possibly even as a gift from Gil-galad. It is unlikely, however, that it could have been wielded by Thingol for we are told that his sword was named Aranrúth.
Tolkien tells us that the name Narsil is formed from the stems nar (‘fire’) and thil (‘white light’).Source: Humphrey Carpenter (editor), ‘Letter 347’, The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien....It thus symbolised the chief heavenly lights, as enemies of darkness, Sun (Anar) and Moon (in Q.) Isil. Andúril means Flame of the West (as a region) not of the Sunset.